Musical siter Central Java.

His voice was soft and clear as other stringed instruments. The melody is played by the sitar can vary widely. Central Java musical instrument is rarely played. Even today threatened with extinction. Although Java sitar guitar sound is no less attractive when compared with Guzheng (Chinese) or sitar (India).

This instrument measuring 20x50 cm. Material from teak wood and has 13-24 strings. Siter has two sides. The first is called pelog side and the other side is called slendro. Siter is a pair of Javanese gamelan. Exotic traditional Javanese gamelan music, has the obligation to the accompaniment of a zither.

Java guitar has a beautiful voice. It is said that at the time of manufacture, not just anyone can be tuned. This is why people who can tune in to music maestro siter considered Javanese.

There are some who say that the siter adopt many styles of India. This is because his name is similar to the string instrument of the South Asian country. In this Java plays guitar, usually musicians tend to fast tempo. This is because this instrument is a kind of musical accompaniment. How to play it is almost the same as the harp, using two hands and thumbs as a barrier vibrations of the strings.

Slendro and Pelog, Tone Typical Siter. 

Slendro and pelog interconnected. This is the name that is in the zither tones. Traditional Javanese guitar is divided into a two tone this part. Of the 24 existing strings, usually tuned tone slendo 11 and 13 again set the tone pelog.

The difference in the tone of the slendro pelog and it will sound very clear when played. Pelog tone issued by the two scales are more than the original Balinese and Javanese gamelan.

In pelog, the tone is made by stringing some wide intervals. Tone interval of pelog tend extreme. Pelog has 7 tones. The seventh tone was called "chest", "nem", "gulu", "five", "bem", and "pelog".

Tone that was issued by the slendro is more easily digested than pelog. Slendro is more flexible and is almost the same in one octave. Slendro has 5 basic tones. Tone intervals were narrower with pelog. Slendro scales have the designation "siji", "loro", "telu", five "," enem ".

In addition to zither, there are some traditional musical instruments in Central Java that is no less interesting called zither. Siter and zither are two different musical instruments. Because both are almost always played simultaneously, so many people consider a zither zither and the same instrument.

Indonesian Arts Preservation. 

History of art did not escape from the reasoning of experts who define the word art itself. Dick Hartoko states that art is complicated. Dick Hartoko say complicated because history always smelling abstract art. Not so easy to do strictly compartmentalization.

Art has a religious purpose, magical, symbolic, aesthetic, and even commercial. The history of art is originated from religion or religious rituals.

Hundreds of thousands of years ago, the present art forms through the forms of religion in the Greek form of an offering to the god Dyonisius, the fertility god who gives life to the outcome favors the universe to man. In these rituals, art forms have been present in the form of offerings to the gods in the form of performances and events follow a series of grooves.

The things that smelled of ritual, usually also synonymous with something that is magical. Certain ritual occasions is often very thick with magical elements, especially with Indonesian culture which was originally a follower community dynamism. Art does have a purpose for magical things or giving the impression of magical. Some art forms are very closely related to the things that are invisible.

Art, means also art, have a clear purpose for beauty. Aesthetic value of art is realized in the form. Whether it be art, dance, music, or performances, it must forward the aesthetic impression. Art is the work that raises the beauty. The form of his work can be seen by the naked eye it can be enjoyed and felt really unique sides, beautiful, and valuable.

As a work, which is also seen by many people, which is an element of beauty to be appreciated, respected, and enjoyed, art commercial aims as well. Art forms can be presented in a deliberate plan with the intent to benefit financially.

Material benefits we can get by showing these art forms. Through this way that art fulfills its purpose as something that could also be commercial.

Awards to artists on art forms and anything they have done to be appreciated in the form of other awards, namely the material. Not pricing in the arts with a few dollars, but the form of an award of this material can be a source of day-to-day income workers presenting art works of arts.

The history of art is so long. Art history will never run out and fairly. As long as humans are still there, the arts will continue to run.

art and culture is the beauty of the fruit of the work of art created by human ancestors, then lowered for generations, whether it be belief, art, or customs. No wonder if we discover the art of our culture full of moral and social values​​.

Culture and arts in Indonesia is increasingly eroded. Indonesian society increasingly influenced by outside cultures through the development of increasingly sophisticated technology, thus forgetting their own culture.

Lessons on art is only obtained at school. It was only in theory accepted by the students, rarely practice. So, which is received by the students about the culture and arts of Indonesia still lacking.

Lessons from outside the school is more influential on one of the lessons he received in school. Therefore, the need for support from outside the school to help one learn the Indonesian culture.

For example, the education learned the language in school can not be practiced by a student outside of school if he does not use the language of the area.

So also about culture and art in Indonesia. Indonesian culture is getting lost in time swallow. The reason is because the times that influenced Indonesian society from the outside culture that many go to Indonesia.

This makes Indonesian people forget the art and culture of its own. Influence from the outside is very strong to influence the culture in Indonesia.

Indeed, the times it can change a state and society itself. However, these changes must be accompanied by cultural norms and prevailing in this country.

Cultural influences from outside entering Indonesia must be filtered first. There should be a selection, which is good and which is bad for the country's progress. Do not just take it for granted or cultural influences from outside.

The development of increasingly sophisticated technology, to make Indonesian culture from the outside entering and growing. In many areas, there are outside influences, even to change the system that has prevailed in this country.

In the field of culture, many things were changed because of the development of the era. Traditional culture, ranging from language, ethnicity, customs, dances, clothing, custom homes, and so on, began rarely studied and memorized by the people, especially the younger generation.

Lessons learned in the world of education is not enough to make the young generation to love and to memorize their own culture and the arts. This is due to the influence of outside culture was coming into this country.

Traditional art, traditional clothing and dance, is rarely used and performed in public. Now people are more interested in wearing clothes more modern model and danced modern dances from the display clothing and traditional dances.

People are more interested to learn the culture of the outside of the arts and culture of the country itself. The reason is, that is not obsolete and more slang, according to today's children.

Know and practice of art and culture in the performing arts, should a pride for the community itself. In fact, developed countries are countries who love and appreciate their own culture and the arts.

Currently, Central Java musical instrument, guitar Java, which has a unique sound is almost extinct. It helps us to know him and even better if we try to play it. Siter is the door of history. The music he created could be an opening for another history.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com 
author:
http://schema.org?personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno. 
http://www.faradice.blogspot.com/2014/10/musical-siter-central-java.html
DatePublished: October 5th, 2014 at 12:06
Tag : Musical siter Central Java.
Code : 42S4EUXRR3UM

Traditional music Nusantara.

There are developmental stages Indonesian Traditional music Nusantara. 

The stages are as follows: 

The period before the entry of Hindu-Buddhist influences. 

At this time, the music is used as part of a public ritual activities. In some groups, noises produced by certain limbs or tools believed to have magical powers. Instrument or instruments used are generally derived from the natural surroundings.

Period after its entry-Hindu-Buddhist influences. 

At this time, there developed palace music (especially in Java). At that time, the music is not only used as part of a ritual, but also in the activities of the royal guest entertainment facilities. Palace gamelan music is growing. Gamelan consists of 5 groups: group balungan, blimbingan group, group pencon, drum groups, and complementary groups.

The period after the entry of the influence of Islam 

In addition to trade and spread the religion of Islam, Arab traders also introduce their music. Their musical instruments such as the psaltery and tambourine. of processes that arise psaltery orkes- orchestra in the archipelago (Indonesia) until today.

Period of Colonialism 

The entry of Western nations to Indonesia also have a major impact in the development of Indonesian music. The newcomers introduced various musical instruments of their country, such as violins, cellos (cello), guitar, flute (flute), and ukulele. They also bring the system in various works solmisasi song. That times of development of modern Indonesian music. At that time, the Indonesian musicians to create music that is a fusion dish of western music and Indonesian music. The musical offerings known as keroncong music.

Now the future in line with the inclusion of electronic media in Indonesia, also makes various types of western music, such as pop, jazz, blues, rock, and R & B music as well as the local

India's home-movie that many brought through the film. From this development, there was a combination of foreign music to Indonesian music. Indian music experience with a blend of Malay music to produce a type of dangdut music. Then, there are also a variety of Indonesian musicians homage to pop, jazz, blues, rock, and R & B. Develops a type of music that combines elements of regionalism Indonesia with elements of western music, especially the means of music. This type of music is often called ethnic music.

Types of Traditional Music 

Indonesia is a country consisting of thousands of islands stretching from Aceh to Papua. Among the many islands along with the society was born, grew and developed art tradition that is identity, identity, media expressions of community supporters.

Almost all parts of Indonesia has a distinctive traditional music. The uniqueness can be seen from his playing technique, presentation and form / organological musical instruments.

Percussion Instruments. 

Percussion is the designation for all musical instruments playing techniques in at, either by hand or stick. In this case some of the musical instruments belonging to the percussion instruments is, Gamelan, Arumba, Kendang, kolintang, drums, talempong, tambourine, drum, jimbe and so forth.

Gamelan is a musical instrument made ​​of metal. Gamelan comes from Central Java, DI. Yogyakarta, East Java, West Java also commonly referred to as gamelan and Bali (Balinese Gamelan). One device consists of gamelan instruments saron, demung, gongs, kenong, slenthem, bonang and several other instruments. Gamelan has a pentatonic melodies / pentatonic.

Talempong is the art music tradition of the Minangkabau / Sumatra West. Talempong is pitched diatonic instrument (do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, ti, do)

Kolintang or kulintang derived from the Minahasa / North Sulawesi. Kolintang have diatonic scales / diatonic instruments are all made ​​up of bass, melodic and rhythmic. The basic ingredients for making kulintang is wood. How to play this instrument in at by using a stick.

Arumba (bamboo grove strains) originated from West Java. Arumba is a musical instrument made ​​of bamboo bhan played with melodic and rhythmic. At first arumba using pentatonic scales but in its development using diatonic scales.

Drums are kind of percussion instrument which comes from animal skin membrane. Drums or drum can be found in many parts of Indonesia. In West Java drum has an important role Jaipong. In Central Java, Bali, Yogyakarta, East Java, drums always used in a good game to accompany the gamelan, dance, puppets, Ketoprak. Tifa is a type of percussion instrument that can be found in Papua, Maluku and Nias. Tambourine is a drum type of mixed sizes from small to large. Tambourine is a musical instrument commonly used in Islamic art has. Tambourine can be found in almost all regions of Indonesia.

Musical Instruments Pick 

Lute is a stringed musical instrument from West Java. Organological lute shape is a wooden box lined above string / strings, wooden box is useful as a resonator. Musical instrument resembling a lute is a zither from central Java. 

Sasando is a stringed musical instrument from the east Nusa Tenggara (East) harp made ​​of bamboo with a given string / string while resonasi was made of woven palm leaves that have a hemispherical shape.

Sampek (until / sapek) is a musical instrument resembling a guitar comes from Kalimantan region. This instrument is made ​​of wood covered with ornaments / carvings are beautiful. Other stringed instruments resembling sampek is Hapetan Tapanuli, Jungga of South Sulawesi 

Stringed Musical Instruments. 

Traditional musical instrument which uses techniques swiped game is fiddle. Fiddle comes from the West Java, Central Java, Jakarta (Betawi arts). Rebabb made ​​of wood and covered with a thin skin resonator, has two strings / strings and have the pentatonic scales. Other traditional musical instruments such as the fiddle, has the form Ohyan the resonator is made ​​of coconut shell, fiddle this type can be found in Bali, Java and South Kalimantan. 

Blow Musical Instruments 

The flute is a musical instrument wind instrument made ​​of bamboo. almost all regions in Indonesia can be found this instrument. Saluang is a wind instrument from West Sumatra, flute can be found in North Sumatra, Borneo. Lembang distilled from areas that have long Toraja between 40-100cm with 2 cm midline. 

Tarompet, serompet, bugle is a type of wind instrument that has a 4-6 hole to blow the tone and funnel-shaped. Art music tradition that uses musical instruments as these are folk art Tapanuli, West Java, East Java, Madura, Papua. 

Tayuban musical instruments 

The term "waditra" may be among us still feels strange. Although every day or sometimes we may often hear, even once beating her look. Waditra is a device that emits a sound that is commonly used in traditional art, or we are more familiar with the term musical instruments. But the musical instrument with the term "waditra" is a traditional musical instrument. In accordance with the Sunda local name 'waditra' is a musical instrument in Sundanese traditional arts.

West Java has many types and varieties of form "waditra", such as the harp, flute, drums, xylophone, gamelan, and so on. The study of the ins and outs of waditra scope is organological science or also called Science Tools Music. 

In our waditra classification can be categorized in the form of musical instruments chordophone, idiophone, membranophone, aerophone, and Electrphone. As for how the game can be shared on musical instruments tapped, plucked, struck, blown, and swiped. 

Phenomenon in the world of arts education in our particular the introduction of waditra is not given to the fullest. In fact, many of our students do not know adik2 a wide variety of forms and functions Sunda waditra in an ensemble or in the form of one of the types of art. 

Things like this is certainly a concern for us, not what our children no longer recognize their own repertoire of cultural wealth. How and what we should actually attempt to do? 

Waditra used in the show is not much different gamelan tayub with equipment used in kiliningan plate, but sometimes in waditra added by a small drum or tambourine. Dominant role as a song accompanist gamelan and folk dances. 

In general Tayub gamelan made ​​from bronze, there is also the use of iron and steel plate material, it is adjusted to the level of tenants. 

  Javanese gamelan, history and mystery. 

Traditional musical instrument called the gamelan comes from the Javanese culture, which are still preserved in the palace of Yogyakarta and Surakarta (Solo) 

Javanese Gamelan And Young. 

1.  Karawitan Arts Development. 

Javanese gamelan is a set of instruments as a musical statement that is often referred to as a musician. Music that comes from the Javanese pepper which means complicated, convoluted, but it also means cayenne smooth, beautiful, and delicious tortuous. Javanese gamelan particular word is used to refer to gamelan music, Indonesian music that implement non-diatonic tones (in the barrel and pelog slendro) who claimed his claim using the notation system, timbre, rhythm, has a function, and regulation pathet working on a dish in instrumental form, and a wonderful mix Vokalia heard.

Javanese gamelan contains historical values ​​and philosophical for Indonesia. It was said, for Javanese gamelan is one of the cultural arts inherited by its predecessor and is still widely favored and occupied. Hypothetically, a scholar J.L.A. Brandes (1889) suggests that the Java community before the influence of Hinduism had known ten skills, such as puppets and gamelan. Historically, Javanese gamelan also has a long history. As with any other art or culture, Javanese Gamelan in its development is also changing. Changes occur in the way of making it, while development involves quality. Javanese gamelan ageng previous ownership limited to the palace.Now, anyone who is interested can have it all Javanese gamelan is not included in the category of heritage (Arise Haryono, 2001). 

A complete gamelan have approximately 72 instruments and can be played by a musician (drummer), accompanied by 10-15 singers and or Gerong. Its structure mainly consists of the tools at or drumming made ​​of metal. Other instruments such as drums, rebab (stringed instrument), a type of xylophone-blade xylophon with slats of wood, wire and plucked stringed instrument called a zither or celepung. 

Javanese Gamelan had an overwhelming response in the international world. We have many gamelan performances held in various European countries and obtain a very good response from the people there. Even schools abroad which include gamelan music as one of the options to be studied by his students is also not small. But ironically, in their own country are still many people who doubt the future of the gamelan. Especially young people who tend to be more interested in music outside that have sophisticated instruments. From here required an effort to attract people to the traditional arts into the nation's cultural heritage. 

2.  The social function Javanese Gamelan 

Philosophically Javanese gamelan is an integral part of Javanese life. This because Javanese philosophy of life associated with the art form of gamelan Javanese culture and closely linked to the development of religion that was followed. 

In Javanese gamelan community has aesthetic functions related to social values​​, moral and spiritual. Gamelan has its own greatness, the proof that the world also recognizes traditional gamelan is a musical instrument that can offset the east west musical instruments that are big. Gamelan is a musical instrument that is flexible, because it can serve also for education. 

3.  Inheritance Javanese gamelan to the Younger Generation 

At the present time there is a tendency differences in perception made ​​by the younger generations through a variety of cultural attractions, which in other respects seem rather prominent, but in terms of another is a setback, especially concerning the motions of dance and penyuguhan gendhing- issued piece. 

Young man looks not interested gamelan because no introduction. In addition, no one taught. It can not be blamed for the majority of parents, even the school environment, does not support the child knows the gamelan. For the younger generation, gamelan hard interested if it sounded like the first times of the era parents or their grandparents. Young people are now more like if sounding gamelan as they please and paired with musical instruments and art whatever. However, through these ways get in the way for sustainable gamelan. Gamelan is not just a traditional musical instrument or object, but there is a spirit in it, the togetherness. The important thing here is human, that is how they feel close to the musicians. 

Should be considered also for the preservation of our own culture earnest Adhi Luhur, full of aesthetics, harmony, teachings, philosophies, manners, society, tolerance, human formation of noble-minded man, not too loose as a motivating factor human in the worship of God, namely by means of hard work and goodwill memetri or keeping arts and culture itself. There must be no gap or a gap with the elders who really qualified (expert). Even the communication needs to be maintained as well as possible with the elders as a source or a warehouse that was storing a variety of science related to issues of culture itself, especially the musical masters, dance etc.. 

The following musical instruments-only found in Indonesia, among others, are: 

angklung 

drum 

calung 

Family Gamelan them 

demung 

Gong (gedhe gong, gong Kebyar) 

drums 

Saron 

Karo drum 

Gendrum 

Kacapi 

ketipung 

kolintang 

Compassionate, loving Pereret 

fiddle 

tambourine 

Saluang 

sasando 

slenthem 

talempong 

Tambo 

Tifa 

Triton

Angklung. 

Angklung is a traditional musical instrument from West Java, made ​​from bamboo, which sounded shaken by (the sound caused by the clash of bodies bamboo pipes) so as to produce sound that vibrates in the arrangement of tones 2, 3, to 4 tones in every size, both large and small. The barrel (tone) musical instrument angklung as Sundanese traditional music is the most salendro and pelog.

Drum. 

Drum is a percussion instrument like a drum. Drum is a traditional musical instrument which has been used since thousands of years ago, which has a function as a traditional means of communication, both in the political and religious rituals. In Indonesia, a regular drum sounded for notices of prayer or worship time. Drum made ​​from a large piece of wood or palm trees along approximately one meter or more. The middle part of the rod-shaped tube hollowed out so great. The tip of the larger stems covered with animal skin that serves as a membrane or eardrum membrane. When beaten, the drum causing deep voice, pitched a typical, low, but can be heard to a considerable distance. 

Calung. 

Calung is a Sundanese musical instrument which is the prototype (prototype) of angklung. Unlike the angklung played by shaken, beat calung way is to hit the rod (wilahan, blades) of the joint (bamboo tubes) which are arranged according to titi barrel (scales) pentatonic (da-mi-na-ti-la). Types of bamboo for the manufacture of most awi wulung calung (black bamboo), but some are made ​​of awi friend (white bamboo).

Understanding calung than as a musical instrument is also attached as performance art. There are two forms of Sundanese calung known, namely calung rantay and calung tote. 

Gamelan. 

Gamelan is a musical ensemble that usually highlight metallophone, xylophone, drums, and gongs. The term gamelan refers to the instrument / tool, which is a unified whole that is realized and sounded together. Gamelan word itself comes from the Javanese gamel which means hitting / beating, followed by an ending that makes it a noun. Gamelan orchestra mostly found in the island of Java, Madura, Bali, and Lombok in Indonesia in various types of sizes and shapes ensemble. In Bali and Lombok today, and in Java through the 18th century, the term gong is considered synonymous dengangamelan. 

Demung. 

Demung is one of the gamelan instruments including balungan family. 

In one set of gamelan usually there are 2 demung, both have pelog version and slendro. Demung produce tones with the lowest octave in balungan family, with a larger physical size. Demung has wilahan relatively thinner but wider than wilahan saron, so that it produces a lower tone. Demung percussion usually made ​​of wood, with a shape like a hammer, bigger and heavier than the percussion saron. 

Gong. 

Gong is a percussion instrument that is well known in South East Asia and East Asia. This gong is used for traditional musical instruments. Currently not many crafters gong like this. 

Drums. 

Drum, drum, or the drum is an instrument in Gamelan of Central Java is one of the main functions set the rhythm. This instrument sounds by hand, without tools. Kind of small drum called ketipung, the media called drum ciblon / Kebar. Ketipung there is a pair of drums called gedhe kalih commonly called drums. Kalih played drums on such subtle character piece laguatau Ketawang, kethuk kalih piece, and ladrang rhythm dadi. Can also be played quickly on the opening song kind of launch, rhythm ladrang responsibility. Because no one else kendhang typical doll drum mat.

Saron. 

Saron (also called ricik) is one of the gamelan instruments including balungan family. 

In one set of gamelan usually have 4 saron, and all have versions pelog and slendro. Saron produce tones an octave higher than demung, with a smaller physical size. Percussion saron usually made ​​of wood, with a shape like a hammer. 

Karo drum. 

Karo drum or the drum five dalinen consists of five sets of percussion instruments (percussion) are played by five musicians. The fifth device is satupenaruné, two penggual, and two shy of the gong. Five drum ensemble music sedalanen called because it consists of five musical instruments, namely Sarune (aerofon), drum ovary (membranofon), drum children (mebranofon, gung, and penganak. However also called drum five sedalanen, ranggutna A ten-two, namely the number twelve for the calculations used in whole, including sticks or tools hitting the musical instrument. 

Gendrum. 

Gendrum is a hybrid instrument between the drum and the drum is designed by Siswo Harsono in 1992 the instrument is usually applied in the arts Gambang Semarang and can also be applied in other arts such as jaipongan, campursari, or dangdut. Gendrum jaipong consists of a drum, a kendangbatangan, two ketipung (panepak), two Ketibung (ketipung large), a pair of bongo, cowbells, bass drum, and cymbal set consisting of a ride, crash, splash, and china. 

Kacapi. 

Kacapi a Sundanese musical instrument played as the main instrument in Sundanese or mamaos Cianjuran Songs and kacapi flute. 

Kacapi word in Sundanese also refers to the plant Sentul, who believed the wood used to make musical instruments kacapi. 

Kolintang. 

Kolintang or kulintang is a typical musical instrument Minahasa, North Sulawesi. Kolintang made ​​from local wood lightweight but strong like eggs, bandaran, arbitrary, wood kakinik chrysolite, and which has a parallel fiber construction.

Pereret Loving Mercy. 

Pereret is an ancient musical instrument trumpet made ​​of a type of wood that is shaped in such a way that it becomes a trumpet. Compassionate - compassion is in order - to (pellets) while the mate is worthy couple as husband or wife. 

Fiddle. 

Rebab (Arabic: الرباب or رباب) is a stringed instrument that usually use 2 or 3 strings, this instrument is a musical instrument originating from the Middle East and Southeast Asia began to be used after the spread of the influence of the Middle East. 

Tambourine. 

Tambourine is a drum-shaped round and flat. Circular frame of wood turner, with one hand to tap on goat leather. Art in Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia and Singapore are often put on the tambourine is a musical rhythm of the desert, for example, harp, Qasida and hadroh. 

Saluang. 

Saluang is a traditional musical instrument of Minangkabau, West Sumatra. Which is a wind instrument made ​​of thin bamboo or gutters (Schizostachyum brachycladum Kurz). Minangkabau people believe that the best materials to be made saluang derived from gutter to gutter clothesline fabric or found floating in the river. This tool of the types of musical instruments including the flute, but it is simpler to make, simply by punching holes in the gutter with four holes. Saluang length of approximately 40-60 cm, with a diameter of 3-4 cm. As for other uses of the chamfer is to make lemang container, one of the traditional foods of Minangkabau. 

Sasando. 

Sasando is a stringed musical instrument. The musical instrument originating from the island of Rote, East Nusa Tenggara. Literally Sasando according to the origin of his name in the language of Rote, sasandu, which means the device vibrates or rings. Sasando supposedly used in the community Rote since the 7th century. There are similar the shape Sasando with other stringed instruments such as guitar, violin and harp. 

Slenthem. 

Slenthem is one of gamelan instruments consisting of thin metal sheet width is strung with rope and stretched over the tubes and produces a low hum or tone echoes that follow saron, ricik, and balungan when sounded. Some have named it as genderpenembung. As with the other instruments in a gamelan set, slenthem certainly have slendro version and version pelog. Wilahan Slenthem Pelog generally have a range of tones C to B, while slenthem slendro has a range of tones C, D, E, G, A, C '. 

Talempong. 

Talempong is a typical percussion instruments Minangkabau ethnic group. The shape is similar to the instruments in the gamelan bonang. Talempong can be made ​​of brass, but some are made ​​of wood and stone. Currently talempong of the more widely used types of brass. This Talempong circular hollow on the bottom while the top there is a prominent roundabout five centimeters in diameter as a place to hit. Talempong has a different tone. The sound is generated from a pair of wood struck on its surface. 

Tambo. 

Tambo is a traditional musical instrument of Aceh. Tambo Iboh made ​​of sticks, cow leather, and rattan as a skin stretcher. The shape and type of drum played by being hit. In ancient times, the legend serves as alatkomunikasi to indicate time praying or sembayang and to gather residents to meunasah to discuss the problems of the village. Today, the legend has been rarely used because of the modern technology in the form of a microphone. 

Triton. 

Triton is a traditional musical instrument of the Papuan people. Triton is played by blowing. This instrument is available in the entire coast, especially in the area of ​​Biak, Yapen, Waropen, Nabire, Wondama, as well as the islands of King Amat. Initially, the tool is only used for a means of communication or as a means of calling / signaling. Furthermore, this tool is also used as a means of entertainment and traditional musical instruments. 

Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com 

author: 

http://schema.org/Personal. 

https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941. 

name: Bambang Sunarno. 

http://www.faradice.blogspot.com/2014/10/traditional-music-nusantara.html 

DatePublished: October 4th, 2014 at 13:52

Tag : Traditional music Nusantara.

Code 42S4EUXRR3UM

About Gong.

Gong is a musical instrument made from molten metal (bronze with copper) with a round surface (with or without pencu). Gong can be hung or placed on the frame lined up on a shelf, or can be placed on a soft surface such as a mat. There was also a hand-held gong played while walking or dancing. Gong which has a low voice, beating with a wooden bat in the dressing that ends with rubber, cotton, or yarn. As for the game melody played by a small gong. Agong - gong or commonly called by the Javanese and Balinese as Gong, originated from Vietnam. In 1930, evidence of the origin of the gong was found in a river on the outskirts of the village of Ma province of Thanh Hoa, North Vietnam. Evidence found in the form of a bronze drum (derived from the metal lid) that has been aged 500-100 BC. The discovery gong in another form, namely in Yunnan (China) in 200 BC, the Chinese have played a series of bronze drums. Meanwhile, what about the origin of the gong in Indonesia? At the beginning of the period 500 BC, bronze drum entered in Indonesia as a bartering tool by other countries. This can be supported by the bronze drum in the Indonesian archipelago, such as Sumatra, Java, Bali, Sumbawa, Selayar, Ceram, Kei and other islands in the Moluccas, bread and other islands in East Nusa Tenggara, and in the bird's head of West Irian. Making bronze drum in Indonesia in the year AD 19 and 20 are used as dowry or the ceremony, as a melodic percussion instrument carrier instead. Arkkeologi expert, Peter Bellwood, said that there is evidence of the manufacture of the metal by the Indonesian nation centuries before 200 AD in Bali, and before 500 AD metal manufacture in Java, Madura, Riau, Flores, island Talaud. Although there are theories Gong originated from bronze drum, did not rule adapted from Gong gong bronze flat, then in Indonesia, which was developed with the addition pencu. Or it could be gong that goes in Indonesia there are two kinds of drums and gongs bronze flat. In the 12th century, the experts believe that small berpencu Gong has become a musical instrument in Java. Products derived from Gong there are many, like the keys of a metal instrument consisting of slats or metal plates hung or placed on a tubular cavity or hollow box serves as a resonator (or keyed Metalphone Methalphone in English). Other derivative products are of bamboo or wooden slats, which has the same principle with metal, other Idiofon usually small as cengceng (Bali), kemanak (Java). Another derivative object is gamelan, pans, axes, shields that use the same system with the gong. The social function of musical instruments of the orchestra and ensemble gong in Indonesia as part of the ceremony the family, society, empire, and religious. Besides being known as a musical instrument, gong ensemble is considered as property, dowry, inheritance, status symbol of the owner, the ceremonies, and its other. Number gong is often more important than the tone gong (gong as a symbol / ritual), gong as a means of communication between residents. Java plays a gong at the death of a person or a member of the kingdom are not allowed, but in other areas could be played at the ceremony of death. Music Gong as a village newspaper, in Sumba. A player is allowed to play a song gong death although no one in the village who died, but after playing the song gong players must play a cheerful song. They explained that the sound of the gong is sounded distant inform residents in the area around it to the funeral, but if the song immediately played merrily then they do not need to mourn. In Bali, as a musical instrument associated with religious rituals. In Central Java, as a musical instrument during the celebration of the Islamic religion, community or gong held by a particular institution. In Minangkabau used at parties - weddings or salvation, in the region of West Java is used for secular events bring the show nobility and not shared by everyone. In Kalimantan, Sulawesi and NTT, gongs played for treatment event, death, or marriage, but owned by all the people. Making gong in Java is done at home is called Besalen measuring 6 x 7 meters by 7 meters high, the walls are made of brick and cement floor from the ground. Making gong can not be done alone, but is done by 9-10 people commonly called Pandhe gong.
Smooth-Javanese artisan piece. Their job duties and distinguished role in the team.
Lamus handyman, consisting of 1-2 people who regulate the air pressure when the pump Lamus burning metal.
Alap handyman, comprising 1-2 people, served as an introduction and restore the metal between the fireplace and wrought.
Carpenters hammer, consists of 3-4 people in charge of forging, attenuate, spreading and shaping metal. And the squad leader called Flag, lead and control the process of cooking a mixture of metals, metal control being burned, set the accuracy of the thickness of the metal, its shape until the tone is issued. Besides, there is also no group Pandhe Gilap builders, who have a duty to continue to work Pandhe burnish gong. Bronze is used is a mixture of copper with tin. Thus, the Gong is one of the results of the Indonesian culture that must be protected and preserved as well as the manufacture of diverse functions which maintained its authenticity by melting and forging systems were carried out by a special person that Pandhe Gong.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com 
author:
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name: Bambang Sunarno. 
http://www.faradice.blogspot.com/2014/10/about-gong.html
DatePublished: October 4th, 2014 at 10:12

Tag : Gong.

Code : 42S4EUXRR3UM

Traditional gamelan music.

Gamelan is a musical ensemble that usually highlight metallophone, xylophone, drums, and gongs. The term gamelan refers to the instrument / tool, which is a unified whole that is realized and sounded together. Gamelan word itself comes from the Javanese gamel which means hitting / beating, followed by an ending that makes it a noun. Gamelan orchestra mostly found in the island of Java, Madura, Bali, and Lombok in Indonesia in various types of sizes and shapes ensemble. In Bali and Lombok today, and in Java through the 18th century, the term gong is more considered synonymous with gamelan.
Occurrences gamelan preceded by Hindu-Buddhist culture that dominated Indonesia in the early days of recording history, which also represents the original Indonesian art. The instrument was developed to shape up like this in the days of the Majapahit Kingdom.Unlike the music of India, the only impact to the Indian-ness in gamelan music is how to sing. In Javanese mythology, the gamelan was created by Sang Hyang Guru in Saka Era, the god who controlled all the land of Java, with palaces on the mountain Mahendra in Medangkamulan (Lawu now).

Sang Hyang Guru first create gong to summon the gods. For a more specific message then create two gongs, and finally formed a set of gamelan.
The description of the first ensemble of musical instruments found at the Borobudur Temple, Magelang, Central Java, which has stood since the 8th century. Musical instruments such as the bamboo flute, bells, drums in various sizes, harp, stringed musical instrument that is swiped and learned, are found in these reliefs. However, little is found elements of metal musical instruments. However, relief of the instrument is said to be the origin of the gamelan.
Gamelan orchestra tuning and manufacturing is a complex process. Gamelan tuning using four ways, namely sléndro, pélog, gamelan (special area of Sunda, or West Java), and madenda (also known as the diatonic, the same as the original minor scale that is widely used in Europe.

Gamelan music is a combination of the influence of foreign art diverse. Linkages not the tone of Chinese, Southeast Asian musical instruments, drum band and move to music from India, bowed strings from the Middle East, Europe and even the military style that we hear on the traditional music of Java and Bali today.
The interaction component is loaded with melody, rhythm and timbre maintain Balinese gamelan orchestra music heyday. The pillars of this music brings together a variety of Balinese rural community character that became the order of the typical music that is an inseparable part of daily life.
But this time the gamelan is still used on formal occasions such as weddings, thanksgiving, and others. but at this point, just used majority community gamelan of Java, especially Central Java.

Traditional Musical Instruments Gamelan.

A group of percussion instruments, consisting of drums, xylophone, gongs, gender, siter, bonang, slenthem, demung, saron, kenong, kethuk, kempyang, kempul, lined in a typical formation. Central stringed instrument played with a fiddle and zither. That is the traditional musical instrument called the gamelan. This article will delve further into traditional gamelan instruments.

Traditional gamelan music instrument that is widely known in Central Java and Yogyakarta is one of the types of traditional art that is able to survive in the middle of the rush of the modern entertainment industry. Traditional gamelan musical instruments barreled pelog tone (diatonic) combined with the barrel slendro tone (pentatonic) produces a harmonious ensemble music, great, and melodic.

Names of traditional gamelan instruments derived from the word "gamel", which means "hit." This is because in the early development of traditional gamelan music instruments are dominated by percussion instruments (tap), which is then combined with other instruments, such as fiddle (friction ), zither (quotation), and flute (inflatable).

In the past, traditional gamelan musical instruments used to accompany the puppet show, Ketoprak, ludruk, and some types of traditional theater in Java and Yogyakarta. In the show, incorporated elements of the art of music, sound art, and art to add to the charge dramatic theater performances.

In subsequent developments, traditional musical instruments played gamelan began separately as an accompaniment track. After that, the traditional gamelan instruments developed into its own much loved art.

History and Types of Traditional Musical Instruments Gamelan.

The development of Hindu-Buddhist religions that dominate the archipelago in the early days of recording history, gave a very strong influence on the art of traditional gamelan instruments. This example looks at the myths of traditional gamelan instruments that supposedly created by Sang Hyang Guru in Saka Era, the ruler of the gods that reigned in the land of Java, Mount Mahendra.

Traditional gamelan musical instruments has been widely known since before the 8th century, this is evidenced by the discovery of gamelan reliefs at Borobudur. In fact, the reliefs, traditional musical instruments have played with gamelan musical instruments flute, bells, harps, and stringed musical instrument played by means swiped.

Intersection of foreign cultures led to a variety of musical colors that are absorbed into the structure of gamelan music, such as the pattern of tone notation that has nothing to do with China, Asian musical instruments, drums and rhythm music band East India, bowed strings Middle East region, even stylemiliter Europe.

Acculturation produced several types of traditional gamelan musical instruments, such as:

Gamelan Klenengan, grown in areas Yogyakara, Klaten and Solo. Gamelan played here only as an instrument to accompany singers (waranggana) and equipped with Gerong (sort of backing vocals), without an accompanying dance attraction.
Gising Gamelan Bonang (Solo) and gising Soran (Jogjakarta), which does not use any musical instruments other than percussion.
Sekaten Gamelan, which was played at the closing ceremony Sekaten, slightly larger than gising Soran.
War Gamelan, Gamelan bit more complex than usual, with musical instruments such as drums, gongs, gubar, gurnan, bahri, drums, flute, puksur, casks, and the task of fully comprehending gangsa. Gamelan is to accompany the soldiers.
Gamelan Gong Kebyar (Balinese), is gamelan has such dikreasi and many displayed in the show for the tourists.
Gamelan Angklung (Bali), is a jovial tone gamelan angklung music with ornaments, displayed for temple festivals.
Gender Wayang, is gamelan gender wayang play musical instruments in pairs or quartets. Including the type of gamelan elite, emotion plays music and is the most complex structure in Bali.
Tuning Tone Gamelan Traditional Musical Instruments

In the art of traditional gamelan instruments, used musical instruments can achieve 70 kinds, even more. Tuning the tone in the formation process of the art to its present form, is very complex. 

Traditional Gamelan music instrument tuning tone recognize four types, namely: 

Slendro, pentatonic tones. 

Pelog, diatonic tones. 

Gamelan, tones and Sundanese of West Java. 

Madenda, which resembles the tone diatonic minor scale is widely used in European music. 

In a game of complete gamelan traditional musical instruments, played two rounds, the slendro (having 5 tones per octave) and pelog (having 7 tones per octave). In gamelan composition, some round up pathet, and ends with a gong. 

Traditional Gamelan Musical Instruments wandered 

Currently, the traditional gamelan musical instruments has been known to the world and became one of the music that is popular in international circles. In fact, the gamelan has collaborated with various other types of music, such as jazz, fusion, pop, and others. 

gemelan traditional musical instruments known to the world since Claude Debussy, a French composer pride, watching performances of gamelan in the Exhibition of the Universe at that time 1889, Debussy was fascinated with the gamelan, and make comparisons, "compared with the gamelan, the music of Palestrina polyphony like child's play, whereas Western music became impressed barbarian. "

At the beginning of the 20th century, Robert Brown brings Balinese musicians to UCLA to teach traditional gamelan instruments. At that time, the country's growing high interest in Asian music. 

Raden Jodjana, a Javanese nobleman and artist who was a student in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, presenting traditional musical instruments in the gamelan performances Kunstavond Indies, Indian art night, which was held in The Hague in 1916 At that stage, also attended Queen Wilhelmina and several ministers, as well as the Dutch elite. 

Currently, the traditional gamelan instruments already enliven the world music scene. In fact, composers from around the world composed by combining gamelan or incorporate elements of local music. In this process, continued use of tone adjustment, harmony, and other musical components. 

Enjoying the Traditional Musical Instruments Gamelan performances in Yogyakarta.

Traditional musical instrument gamelan music is not foreign. Popularity of traditional gamelan instruments already spread to various continents. In fact, had given birth to a new musical blend of jazz-gamelan and produce famous gamelan musicians. Performances of traditional gamelan instruments can be enjoyed anywhere, but Yogyakarta is the most appropriate place to enjoy performances of traditional gamelan musical instruments because here you can enjoy the original version. 

Traditional gamelan musical instruments developed in the city of Yogyakarta is Javanese gamelan, gamelan different forms with traditional musical instruments as well as Sundanese Gamelan Bali. Javanese gamelan has a tone that is slow and softer, while the Balinese gamelan are dynamic and Sundanese gamelan lilting character. 

Traditional gamelan musical instruments can be seen as a musical Instruction alone or as a dance and performing arts such as wayang kulit and Ketoprak. One of the places to see performances of traditional musical instrument is the gamelan in Yogyakarta in Yogyakarta Palace. Performing traditional gamelan musical instruments was held on Thursday and nature as separate musical performances. 

On Saturday, held performances of gamelan musical instruments as accompaniment shadow puppets. Meanwhile, on the day of the show Minggudigelar traditional gamelan musical instruments as accompaniment traditional Javanese dance. This show can be seen in Ward Sri Maganti. To see the old gamelan traditional musical instruments, the visitors can go the other Kraton Ward located at the rear. 

Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com 

author: 

http://schema.org/Personal. 

https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941. 

name: Bambang Sunarno. 

http://www.faradice.blogspot.com/traditional-gamelan-music.html 

DatePublished: October 3, 2014 at 21:05

Tag : Traditional gamelan music. 

Code : 42S4EUXRR3UM

Instrument traditional violin.

Fiddle in Turkey. 

Rebab (Arabic الربابة or ربابة - "bow (instrument)"), also rebap, rabab, rebeb, rababah, or al-rababa) is a type of stringed musical instrument so named no later than the 8th century and spread via pathways Islamic trade more than North Africa, the Middle East, parts of Europe, and the Far East. Some varieties often have stalks at the bottom that can fiddle resting on the ground, and thus called stalk fiddle in certain areas, but there are versions that are picked as kabuli rebab (sometimes referred to as robab or rubab).
Fiddle size is usually small, rounded body, the front of which is covered in a membrane such as parchment or sheepskin and has a long neck attached. There is a long thin neck with a pegbox at the end and there are one, two or three strings. There is no tone board. This instrument was made upright, either resting on the lap or on the floor. Bow is usually more curved than the violin.
Rebab, though valued for its voice, but has a very limited range (little over an octave), and gradually replaced in much of the Arab world by the violin and kemenche. It is associated with the instrument Iraq, Joza, which has four strings.
Introduction fiddle to Western Europe has been possible in conjunction with the conquest of Spain by the Moors, in the Iberian Peninsula. However, there is evidence of the existence of this instrument in the 9th century also in Eastern Europe: the Persian geographer of the 9th century Byzantine lira quoting Ibn Khurradadhbih (or Lura) as a typical musical instrument bow Byzantine and Arab rabab equivalent.

Construction. 

Fiddle is used in a wide variety of musical ensembles and genres, corresponding with a wide distribution, and is built and played somewhat differently in different regions. In Southeast Asia, the rebab is a large instrument with a range of viola da gamba similar to, while the version of the instrument further west tend to be smaller and higher pitched. Body varies with ornately carved, as in Java, for simple models such as the "fiddle of the Nile" Egypt 2 strings may have a body made of half a coconut shell. A more advanced version has a metal ballot box and the front maybe a half-covered with beaten copper, and half with cowhide.

Arabic, Persian and Ottoman. 

Fiddle was widely used, and continues to be used, in Persian traditional music. There is also a bow instrument in Persian music named Kamanche which has the same shape and structure. Trigon also played in other countries like India, most likely trace the origin of the Iranian Kingdom because of its use in the Sassanid court. It was adopted as a key instrument in Arab classical music and in Morocco, the Arab-Andalusian music tradition has been kept alive by descendants of Muslims who left Spain as refugees following the Reconquista. The fiddle became a favorite instrument of the Ottoman Empire at the tea house (Turkey) until the arrival of the violin, the only musical instrument bow in the Ottoman Empire.

Asian hinterland. 

Trigon game in Banjarmasin (1910-1925 era).
Variant violin stalk is very commonly used by many ethnic groups of East and Central Asia and their diaspora around the world, such as various Huqin used by the majority of Chinese ethnic groups, morin Khuur of Mongolia, Byzaanchy of Tuva, Kokyu of Japan, Haegeum of Korea, Kyl Kiak of Kyrgyzstan, Saw sam sai of Thailand and many others. It is commonly used in playing traditional folk songs, but also became popular in contemporary music settings, including genres such as classical, jazz, and rock.

Indonesia and Malaysia. 

In Indonesian gamelan the rebab is an important instrument in the elaborate and adorn the basic melody. It does not have to correspond exactly to the scale of the other gamelan instruments and can be played in a relatively free, the completion of the phrase after the boom of the gong ageng (big gong that "regulate" the ensemble). Rebab also frequently plays the open when it was part of the ensemble.
In the eastern state of Malaysia, Kelantan and Terengganu, fiddle used in a healing ritual called "Main Puteri". The musician healer is sometimes taken to hospitals in cases where doctors can not cure a sick patient.

Learn more Traditional Musical Instruments "Trigon" 

Who has not heard the term fiddle? Fiddle is one musical instrument that is fairly old, at least, Trigon has been known since the 9th century AD. Have the origin of the word fiddle fiddle, rebap, rabab, rebeb, rababah, or al-rababa the uptake of the Arabic language, which means (arc) or (gondewa), as the development fiddle himself came to Indonesia through trade routes Islam over much of North Africa, the Middle East, parts of Europe, and the Far East (East and Southeast Asia).

As usual you see, in these areas, especially areas of West Java, fiddle is a musical instrument that has two or three pieces of strings are made ​​of metal, to fiddle her own material used is copper. To play this instrument in a manner that is swiped, you can imagine how to play this instrument that his violin playing musical instruments.

Trigon material. 

As noted above, that the fiddle is usually made ​​of copper, but along with the development of traditional musical instruments in Indonesia has undergone a revolution fiddle, fiddle parts are no longer made ​​of copper instead of natural raw materials. In longitudinal section, fiddle made ​​of jackfruit wood, then on the heart-shaped body is made of hollow wood and covered with skin, intestine, or urinary dried ox, as a resonator or a loudspeaker, while the fiddle is a musical instrument that is included in the range of devices commonly used in gamelan accompany a puppet show, kliningan, or as an accompaniment song celempungan Cianjuran (mamaos) with harp and flute, is also used as a tool in praising sinden. Particularly in the gamelan, fiddle functions not only as an accompaniment, but also serves to guide the direction of the song.

Trigon has a unique sound, with the sound of softly bowed instrument made ​​in one of the opening in the puppet arts performances, in addition, with the tone wide area coverage and can fit into any barrel, fiddle used as a determinant of the direction of the song and also guides other musical instruments switching from one atmosphere to another. No wonder there is a mention that the fiddle is a song leader. Really how important fiddle in a song is not it? How not, fiddle like a driver in a motor vehicle and a car, like the driver in the train, and like a pilot in an airplane. Although the fiddle has a very important position in a song, but not many people are interested and the usual play especially among young people. It is time fiddle has an important position in a song and in the development of traditional music in Indonesia, hopefully the younger generation does not forget an important instrument of this one, so the song-songs and performances that require fiddle strains can still be enjoyed by children, our grandchildren in the future.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com 
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno. 
http://www.faradice.blogspot.com/2014/10/instrument-traditional-violin.html
DatePublished: October 3, 2014 at 12:55
Tag : Instrument traditional violin.
Code : 42S4EUXRR3UM

History of angklung worldwide.

There is no definite source that says the beginning of the emergence of musical instruments typical of West Java.  But no doubt that the musical instrument angklung is an Indonesian culture hundreds of years old. The oldest known angklung contained in Jasinga, Bogor, West Java, which is estimated around 400 years old. The oldest is called angklung angklung Gubrag.Tak only in West Java, this instrument is also found in several regions in Indonesia such as Bali, Madura and Kalimantan.

Angklung began known by the public at the time of the Sunda kingdom. It used to serve as an encouragement at a time of war. This continues until the colonial era in Indonesia nation's natural.

The music in it was largely inspired from Nyai Sri Pohaci (goddess of rice) or often called Goddess Giver of Life. Because the myths that developed in the community first and then the artists create a kind of poetry and song as a tribute to Sri Nyai Pohaci through this angklung art.

At the time of emergence, the actual musical instrument Angklung is regarded as sacred because of its presence to accompany Spells - spells that in alunkan when certain rituals. This changed since 1938, Angklung Daeng Soetigna creates an underlying Diatonic sound. Since then Angklung be closer to the arts than the field of mystical and occult.

Gradually Angklung was known all over the world. Recognition of the existence of a musical instrument Angklung first recognized by a great musician from Australia namely Igor Hmel Nitsky on tahun1955. Angklung is growing even today. Recorded a world record playing angklung been created in Beijing, China through events organized by the Embassy involving 5,393 participants in the Beijing Workers' Stadium.

How Playing Angklung Musical Instrument Technique. 

At least there are two of the most common ways of playing a musical instrument angklung, namely the vibrated and beaten (dashed tolled or centok). Here are presented some of the techniques that can be used to play angklung well.

Angklung thrilling. 

Angklung is vibrated in the long rung with the appropriate value of the tone being played.

Dotted ring a, Beaten (Centok). 

Angklung is not vibrated, it struck the tip of the tube base (horizontal) by his right hand to produce centok (like the sound of blows). It is useful to play a short tune as a sign of pizzicato music.

Tengkep. 

Angklung is pronounced with a long pulsed tones are played according to the value, but not as small tubes usually covered by one finger left hand so it does not sound (which sounds just great tube only). It is intended that can be produced more subtle tones within their music needs to be played (eg to mark the dynamics of the piano).

Disconnected. 

As presented by the teacher Mr. Daeng Angklung diatonic Soetigna, then it is advisable to ring tone angklung is disconnected. This is done with the following techniques: if there are two notes played consecutively, so that the audible tone is sounded disconnected it first sounded slightly longer than the value of its tone, so that when the second tone starts playing, the first tone still sounds a little, so that the strains of the tune sounds disconnected and not drop out.

Dynamics (loud and soft). 

As per the needs of the song, angklung can be played softly (piano) over loud (forte). It is recommended for both types of dynamics should be the frequency of vibrations per second angklung remain the same in number, whereas different is the distance angklung swing by the right hand which in turn will determine the amplitude of vibration and cause hard or softly lnada played.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com 
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
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Bambang Sunarno name. 
http://faradice.blogspot.com/2014/10/history-of-angklung-worldwide.html
DatePublished: October 2, 2014 at 11:17

Tag : History of angklung worldwide. 

Code : 42S4EUXRR3UM

You Know angklung.

Angklung is a musical instrument multitonal (double pitched) which is traditionally grown in the Sundanese people in the western part of Java Island. This musical instrument made ​​of bamboo, sounded shaken by the way (the sound caused by the clash of bodies bamboo pipes) so as to produce sound that vibrates in the arrangement of tones 2, 3, to 4 tones in every size, both large and small. Dictionary of the Sunda Language by Jonathan Rigg, published in 1862 in Batavia, wrote that Angklung is a musical instrument made ​​of bamboo pipes, cut the edges, resembling the pipes in an organ, and tied together in a frame, vibrated to produce sound. Angklung is listed as Masterpieces of Oral Heritage and Human Nonbendawi of UNESCO since November 2010.

The origin.

Children playing angklung West Java in the early 20th century.
No clue since when angklung used, but is thought to have been used in the form of primitive Neolithic culture that flourished in the archipelago until the beginning of the modern calendar, so angklung is part of the relics of the pre-culture of Hinduism in the archipelago.
Notes on new emerging angklung refer to the Sunda Kingdom (12th century to 16th century). The origin of the creation of bamboo music, such as angklung based view of the agrarian life of Sundanese people with a source of life of paddy as a staple food. This gave rise to the myth of trust in Nyai Sri Pohaci as a symbol of life-giving Goddess of Rice (breathe-hurip). Baduy, who is regarded as the remnants of native Sundanese people, applying angklung as part of ritual began planting rice. Gubrag angklung game in Jasinga, Bogor, is one that is still alive since more than 400 years ago. Appearance originated from rice rites. Angklung created and played to lure Dewi Sri down to earth people that rice plants thrive.
Bamboo species commonly used as a musical instrument is a black bamboo and white bamboo. Each tone (barrel) is generated from the sound tube-shaped bamboo slats each segment of bamboo from small to large.
Known by the Sundanese community since the time of the Sunda kingdom, like the spirit in battle. Angklung function as pumping continues to feel the spirit of the people still came to the colonial period, that's why the Dutch East Indies government had banned the public use angklung, the ban could make angklung popularity declined and only played by children at that time.
Furthermore, the songs offerings to Dewi Sri is accompanied by the sound of percussion accompaniment made ​​from bamboo poles that simple packed structures which then was born the bamboo musical instrument we know today named angklung. Similarly, during the harvest festival and seren taun angklung dedicated game. Especially at the presentation ceremony Angklung related to rice, this art into a nature show or helaran procession, even in some places into the convoy of Rengkong and Dongdang and Jampana (stretcher food) and so on.
In its development, angklung grow and spread throughout Java, then to Kalimantan and Sumatra. In 1908 recorded a cultural mission from Indonesia to Thailand, among others, marked the delivery of angklung and bamboo music of this game also had spread there.
In fact, since 1966, Udjo Ngalagena -tokoh angklung developed a technique based on barrel-barrel game pelog, salendro, and madenda began to teach how to play angklung to many people from various communities.

Type Angklung.

Angklung Baduy.
Angklung Baduy area (we often call them Baduy) is used primarily because of its association with the rite of rice, not solely for the entertainment of the people. Angklung is used or rung when they grow rice in huma (fields). Angklung beat when growing rice there is only rung free (dikurulungkeun), especially in Kajeroan (Tangtu; Baduy Jero), and there is a certain rhythm, which in periode (Outer Baduy). Nevertheless, it can still be displayed outside the rite of rice but still have rules, for example, only be beaten by the ngubaran pare (treating paddy), about three months from the time planted rice. After that, during the next six months all the arts should not be played, and should play again in the next rice planting season. Closes angklung implemented with event called musungkeun angklung, namely nitipkeun (left, save) angklung after use.
In entertainment offerings, Angklung usually held when the bright moon and no rain. They play in the game Angklung (pages widespread in rural areas) while singing a variety of songs, including: monkey Kasarung, Yandu Aunt, Yandu Sala, Ceuk Arileu, Oray-orayan, Dengdang, Yari Gandang, Oyong-squash Kuhl, Kula Agency, Kokoloyoran, swing-swing, Pileuleuyan, gandrung Manggu, Rojak Bluebird, mulung Muncang, Giler, Ngaranggeong, Aceukna, Marengo, Salak Sadapur, Rangda Ngendong, Celementre, Keupat Reundang, Papacangan, and Culadi Dengdang. The drummers angklung eight people and three drummers drum small size makes the standing position while walking in a circle formation. Meanwhile, there are others who ngalage (dancing) with certain movements that have been standard but simple. Everything is done only by men. This is in contrast with Daduy In a society, they are limited by the rules of customary taboos (abstinence; taboo), should not be doing things excessive worldly pleasures. Arts solely for ritual purposes.
Angklung names in Kanekes of the biggest are: ovarian, ringkung, Dongdong, gossip, engklok, ovary leutik, torolok, and roel. Roel which consists of 2 pieces held by a angklung. The names of the longest drum are: drum, talingtit, and tap. The use of drum instruments there is a difference, namely in the villages they wear drum periode of 3 pieces. In Kajeroan; Cikeusik village, just use the drum and talingtit, without tap. In Kajeroan, Cibeo village, just use the drum, without talingtit and tap.
In Baduy Angklung is entitled to make the Kajeroan (Tangtu; Baduy Jero). Kajeroan consists of 3 villages, namely Cibeo, Cikartawana, and Cikeusik. In all three villages is not everyone can make it, just that and has the right to have offspring who do it in addition to the terms of the ritual. Angklung makers in the famous Cikeusik is Amir's father (59), and in Cikartawana Tarnah father. People buy from people Kajeroan periode in the three villages.

Angklung Reyog.

Reyog Angklung is a musical instrument to accompany dances Reyog ponorogo in eastern Java. Angklung Reyog has distinctive in terms of a very loud voice, has two tones and forms an attractive rattan arches (not including the angklung generally ang cuboid) with a decorative thread tasseled beautiful colors. The profiled Angklung is a weapon of Bantarangin kingdom against kingdom Lodaya in the 9th century, when the royal Bantarangin victory by the soldiers not to mention the holder of angklung excited, because the extraordinary power amplifier from the rope swing to produce a distinctive sound that is bell-shaped klong- and Klung-Kluk when heard will feel the spiritual vibrations.
Historically Reyog angklung is used in the film: Warok Singo Cobra (1982), Kick From Heaven (2011)
And the use of music such as angklung Reyog on: know opo tempe, vows palapa, Kuto reog, Rehearsal Endah Omber Girang, and smelling campursari ponorogoan.

Angklung Banyuwangi.

Angklung banyuwangi have a shape are like calung the cultural tone banyuwangi

Angklung Bali.
angklung bali has a distinctive shape and tone bali,

Angklung dogdog lojor.

Dogdog arts in the community lojor Kasepuhan Pancer Pangawinan or custom entity Banten Kidul scattered around Mount Mist (bordering Jakarta, Bogor and Lebak). Although this art is called dogdog lojor, the name of one of the instruments in it, but there also used angklung because the rituals associated with rice. Once a year, after harvest the entire community held a hand over Seren Taun Taun or in the center of the traditional village. Traditional village center as a place of residence kokolot (elders) where he is always moving as directed supernatural.
Tradition of respect for the paddy this society still held because they are among the people who still adhere to the old customs. By tradition they claim to be descendants of palace officials and soldiers in baresan Pangawinan Padjadjaran (soldier armed with a lance). Kasepuhan community has embraced Islam and somewhat open to the influence of modernization, as well as entertainment things worldly pleasures can be enjoyed. This attitude also affect the function of art in terms that since about 1970, dogdog lojor has been progressing, which are used to enliven the child circumcision, marriage, and other festive events. The instruments used in the art dogdog lojor is 2 pieces and 4 pieces dogdog lojor big angklung. These four fruit angklung has a name, which is the largest so-called bark, then panembal, Kingking, and inclok. Each instrument is played by a, so that all of six people.
Lojor dogdog songs in between Bale Agung, Side counter hideung, shaky-shaky Papanganten, Si stumps Kawung, Adulilang, and Adu-complaint. These songs form the rhythmic vocal dogdog and shakers tend to remain.

Angklung gubrag.

Angklung gubrag Cipining there in the village, district Cigudeg, Bogor. The Angklung is old, and is used to honor the goddess of rice in Melak activities pare (rice planting), ngunjal pare (transporting rice), and ngadiukeun (put) to leuit (barn).
In myth angklung gubrag started there was a time when the village Cipining had a bad season.

Angklung Badeng.

Badeng is a type of art that emphasize the musical aspect with angklung as the main instrument. Badeng located in the village of Sanding, Malangbong Subdistrict, Garut. It used to serve as entertainment for the sake of Islam. But Badeng allegedly been used since the old society of pre-Islamic days for events related to rice planting rituals. As for the art of propaganda is believed Badeng developed since Islam spread in the region around the 16th century or 17th At that time the population Sanding, Arpaen and Nursaen, studying Islam to the kingdom of Demak. After returning from Demak they preach spread Islam. One of the means it uses to spread Islam is the art Badeng.
Angklung used as many as nine pieces, namely 2 roel angklung, angklung kecer 1, 4 Angklung Angklung ovary and father, 2 angklung children; 2 dogdog fruit, fruit fly or gembyung 2, and 1 manacle. Text using Sundanese language mixed with Arabic language. In development now used also Indonesian. Fill the text contains Islamic values ​​and good advice, and according to the purpose of the event. In addition to presenting performances of songs, magic attractions also presented, such as cutting the body with sharp weapons.
Badeng songs: Lailahaileloh, Ya'ti, Kasreng, Yautike, Lilimbungan, Solaloh.

Beans.

Beans is a performing art that is entertainment, of which there are at Baros (Arjasari, Bandung). At first the beans used at events associated with rice farming. But at the present time beans are used as entertainment art. This is related to the changing views of society that began less heed smelly things the old beliefs. 1940 can be considered as the end of the ritual function in respect of rice bean, because since it snaps turned into entertainment. Along with the rice storage places too (leuit; barn) began to disappear from people's homes, places replaced with a more practical bag, and easy to carry everywhere. Rice also now many are directly sold, not stored in the barn. Thus art beans that had been used for events ngunjal (carrying rice) is not needed anymore.
The name associated with a bean art song texts are well known among the people, namely cis nyengcle chickpeas ... and so on. The text contained in bean art, so art is called beans.
The instruments used in the arts Angklung beans are 2 ovaries, 2 ambrug angklung, angklung panempas, 2 angklung pancer, 1 angklung enclok. Dogdog then 3 pieces, consisting of 1 talingtit, panembal, and badublag. In a later development, coupled with tarompet, manacle, and goong. Angklung beans barreled salendro the vocal track can be barreled madenda or gamelan. Beans songs include: Badud, Beans, Renggong, Senggot, Jalantir, Jangjalik, Ela-ela, Mega Beureum. Now the songs beans have used also the songs of the gamelan, the singer who was the man angklung players, now by a special lady to sing.
Of the several types of bamboo music in West Java (Angklung) above, are some examples of performing arts angklung, which consists of: Angklung Beans (Priangan / Bandung), Angklung Badud (Priangan East / Kudat), Angklung Bungko (Indramayu), angklung gubrag (Bogor), angklung Ciusul (Bantam), angklung Dog dog lojor (Sukabumi), angklung Badeng (Malangbong, Garut), and angklung angklung Padaeng which is identical to the National with diatonic scales, developed since 1938 a typical Indonesian angklung this comes from Sundanese angklung development. Sundanese angklung pitched five (salendro or pelog) by Daeng Sutigna aka The Etjle (1908-1984) changed his tone became Western scales (solmisasi) so that it can play a variety of other songs. Investment results then taught to school students and played a large orchestra.

Angklung Padaeng.

Angklung Angklung Padaeng was introduced by Daeng Soetigna since around the year 1938 is a breakthrough in the use of the barrel Padaeng angklung Diatonic tone corresponding to the western music system. Thus, angklung can now play international songs, and also can play in ensemble with other international instruments.

Angklung Sarinande.

Ahimsa is a term for the Angklung Angklung Padaeng round tone that only wears only (without tone chromatic scale) with the base tone C. The small unit contains 8 Angklung Angklung sarinade (tone Do Do Low to High), while sarinade plus contains 13 angklung (Low to tone Sol High mi).

Angklung Toel.

Angklung Toel created by Kang Yayan Udjo circa 2008 In this tool, there is a waist-high frame with some angklung dijejer upside down and given the rubber. To play, a player is simply download the angklung Toel and shakers will vibrate while because of the rubber.

Angklung Sri-Pure.

Angklung is an idea Eko Budi Mursito specifically created for the purposes of the robot angklung. As the name implies, the angklung was wearing two or more tubes sound the same tone, so it will produce a pure tone (mono-tonal). This contrasts with angklung Padaeng multi-tonal. With this simple idea, the robot easily play angklung combination of multiple effects simultaneously to mimic the melody and Angklung Angklung akompanimen.

Angklung Ensemble.

In order for a richer sound, angklung musical instrument should be played with others to form an ensemble. Some angklung ensemble was established:

Padaeng classic.

Angklung Ensemble classics introduced by Mr. Daeng Soetigna consists of:
angklung melodies
angklung akompanimen
Bas betot
The combination of at least this is the most popular and common at concerts and competitions alloy angklung.

Angklung solo.

Angklung solo is a configuration in which one unit angklung melody hung on a crossbar that can be played by one person alone. In accordance with convention diatonic tones, then there are two ranks hanger angklung, the bottom contains a full tone, while the top contains chromatic tones. Solo Angklung is initiated by Yoes Roesadi 1964, and played with musical instruments basanova in group calling itself Aruba (Strains Clump Bamboo). Around 1969, the name was adapted into Arumba Aruba.

Arumba.

Arumba is a term for a set of musical instruments (ensemble) which consists of at least   :
One unit angklung melody, hung so that it can be played by one person
One unit lodong bass, also dijejer to be played one person
Bamboo xylophone melody
Bamboo xylophone akompanimen
drum
The initial configuration of the ensemble introduced by Burhan Mochamad around 1966, who used it with a group "Arumba Cirebon".

Techniques angklung game.

Play an angklung very easy. A person living in one of the frame holding the hand (usually the left hand) so angklung hang freely, while the other hand (usually the right hand) shake up reads. In this case, there are three basic techniques to shake the angklung:
Kurulung (shakes), is the most commonly used technique, where the right hand holding the tube base and moving from side to side many times during the tone to be played.
Centok (jerky), is a basic technique in which the tube is pulled quickly by the fingers into the palm of the right hand, so it will beep once angklung (stacato).
Tengkep, such kurulung but one of the tubes being held not participate vibrate. In melodic angklung, angklung issued this technique causes a pure tone (one tone melody only, not two as usual). Meanwhile, the main akompanimen angklung, this technique is used to play a major chord (3 tones), because otherwise ditengkep that play is the dominant chord Septim (4 tones).
Meanwhile, to play the angklung unit to carry the song, it will take a lot of musicians, led by conductor. On each musician will be distributed 1-4 angklung with different tone. Then the conductor will prepare sheet music tracks, with strands of writing the songs that would be played. Conductor will give cues, and every musician should play angklung his tone according to the required length and beats conductor. In playing this song the players must also consider the continuous technique, the tone is heard only stopped as soon as the next note starts sounding.

Angklung practice.

Angklung is going to sound melodious and magnificent when played abuzz with the compact. This requires preparation and practice long enough, led by a coach who simply have a general understanding of music and shakers. The stages of preparation are:
Choose songs with arrangements. The songs are played with Angklung generally match the exuberant rhythmic, and if there are parts that can rancak, so that it can be improvised with centok techniques. This then needs to be re-arranged the song specifically for the angklung, by having multiple voices. For practice, this arrangement is then written on large paper (usually in the notation notes number).
Prepare unit angklung appropriate arrangements. Of arrangement angklung, angklung can be known how necessary based range tune intonation and balance.
Collect angklung players and distribute them. If there is a player that holds a lot of angklung, must be taken to ensure that the player will never play two angklung at the same time. It is usually used for tonjur table.

Heating.

Before practice, you should first relax your feet and hands, and then do the basic movements for kurulung and centok together.
Learning songs. Together, learn and explore groove track, where the verses and choruses to be repeated. Slowly play these songs under the direction of conductor. It is suggested that during the initial training of all tones in-centok course, do not dikurulung first.

Memorizing notes.

Gradually, the players are asked to memorize the notes of the song and the game.

Improve technique.

This is the final polishing stages, where the conductor can begin to lead with a game emphasizes simultaneity, dynamics, and inspiration.

Choreography.

If going to appear on stage, improvisation can begin to think about the players do an interesting movement, not standing still ongoing.

Angklung interactive. 

Interactive angklung is an activity where a conductor invites a lot of people, who generally lay, to play angklung abuzz. This activity can be done in a tourism or hospitality events. Will be distributed to participants angklung angklung numbers marked in accordance tone. Then, the conductor will lead, usually by means of:
Conductor opened the big screen in a note that read track number, then asked the participants to play angklung right tone by pointing on the screen.
Conductor teach hand signals for certain tones in the audience, and then lead a song by giving the right cues in sequence to follow the participants. This hand gesture at-adaptation by Mang Udjo, based cues developed by John Curwen.
Previously, Mr. Daeng Soetigna image cues animals use to train kindergarten children. Thank you for reading this article.
Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
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name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://faradice.blogspot.com/2014/10/you-know-angklung.html
DatePublished: October 2, 2014 at 10:38
Tag : You Know Angklung.
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